InVideo AI Tutorial: Script to Faceless YouTube Short

An InVideo AI tutorial for faceless Shorts should start with the script because every later choice—scene count, B-roll, subtitles, voice pace and music—depends on what the script is trying to say. InVideo’s current help describes a “Use my script” route, conversational Agent flows and an Autopilot option for a more one-shot generation experience. The 30 workflows below show different ways to structure a vertical faceless video, including listicles, explainers, comparisons and FAQ answers. After generation, the real editing work is reviewing generic B-roll, tightening captions and making sure the Short still communicates when watched without sound.

InVideo AI Tutorial Turning a Script Into a Faceless YouTube Shorts Video (By Raj Editing)

30 InVideo AI Faceless Shorts Workflows

Copy one workflow into InVideo AI as a production brief, then review every generated scene. AI-selected media should be replaced whenever it only looks related instead of being genuinely relevant.

#01Exact-Script Explainer

InVideo AI workflow — Exact-Script Explainer: prepare a concise 20–30 second explainer script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #01Edit it to fit your own media

#02Faceless Tech Tip Short

InVideo AI workflow — Faceless Tech Tip Short: prepare a concise three-point listicle script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #02Edit it to fit your own media

#03AI Tool News Short

InVideo AI workflow — AI Tool News Short: prepare a concise myth-vs-fact Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #03Edit it to fit your own media

#04Three-Fact Educational Short

InVideo AI workflow — Three-Fact Educational Short: prepare a concise problem-solution Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #04Edit it to fit your own media

#05Listicle With Stock B-Roll

InVideo AI workflow — Listicle With Stock B-Roll: prepare a concise FAQ answer script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #05Edit it to fit your own media

#06Myth-vs-Fact Short

InVideo AI workflow — Myth-vs-Fact Short: prepare a concise comparison Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #06Edit it to fit your own media

#07Problem-Solution Short

InVideo AI workflow — Problem-Solution Short: prepare a concise timeline/history Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #07Edit it to fit your own media

#08Quote-Led Motivation Short

InVideo AI workflow — Quote-Led Motivation Short: prepare a concise tutorial summary script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #08Edit it to fit your own media

#09Product Feature Summary

InVideo AI workflow — Product Feature Summary: prepare a concise concept definition script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #09Edit it to fit your own media

#10App Tutorial Script

InVideo AI workflow — App Tutorial Script: prepare a concise story-led Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #10Edit it to fit your own media

#11Beginner Guide Short

InVideo AI workflow — Beginner Guide Short: prepare a concise 20–30 second explainer script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #11Edit it to fit your own media

#12Comparison Short

InVideo AI workflow — Comparison Short: prepare a concise three-point listicle script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #12Edit it to fit your own media

#13Timeline History Short

InVideo AI workflow — Timeline History Short: prepare a concise myth-vs-fact Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #13Edit it to fit your own media

#14Definition Explainer

InVideo AI workflow — Definition Explainer: prepare a concise problem-solution Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #14Edit it to fit your own media

#15FAQ Answer Video

InVideo AI workflow — FAQ Answer Video: prepare a concise FAQ answer script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #15Edit it to fit your own media

#16Step-by-Step Process Short

InVideo AI workflow — Step-by-Step Process Short: prepare a concise comparison Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #16Edit it to fit your own media

#17Storytelling Hook Short

InVideo AI workflow — Storytelling Hook Short: prepare a concise timeline/history Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #17Edit it to fit your own media

#18Case-Study Summary

InVideo AI workflow — Case-Study Summary: prepare a concise tutorial summary script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #18Edit it to fit your own media

#19Statistics-Free Concept Video

InVideo AI workflow — Statistics-Free Concept Video: prepare a concise concept definition script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #19Edit it to fit your own media

#20Travel Facts Short

InVideo AI workflow — Travel Facts Short: prepare a concise story-led Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #20Edit it to fit your own media

#21Food Facts Short

InVideo AI workflow — Food Facts Short: prepare a concise 20–30 second explainer script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #21Edit it to fit your own media

#22Study Tip Short

InVideo AI workflow — Study Tip Short: prepare a concise three-point listicle script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #22Edit it to fit your own media

#23Business Tip Short

InVideo AI workflow — Business Tip Short: prepare a concise myth-vs-fact Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #23Edit it to fit your own media

#24Editing Tip Short

InVideo AI workflow — Editing Tip Short: prepare a concise problem-solution Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #24Edit it to fit your own media

#25Voiceover With Dynamic Text

InVideo AI workflow — Voiceover With Dynamic Text: prepare a concise FAQ answer script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #25Edit it to fit your own media

#26Subtitle-Heavy Silent-Friendly Short

InVideo AI workflow — Subtitle-Heavy Silent-Friendly Short: prepare a concise comparison Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #26Edit it to fit your own media

#27Fast-Paced Autopilot Draft

InVideo AI workflow — Fast-Paced Autopilot Draft: prepare a concise timeline/history Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #27Edit it to fit your own media

#28Agent-Guided Script Build

InVideo AI workflow — Agent-Guided Script Build: prepare a concise tutorial summary script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #28Edit it to fit your own media

#29Magic-Box Revision Pass

InVideo AI workflow — Magic-Box Revision Pass: prepare a concise concept definition script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #29Edit it to fit your own media

#30Final 9:16 Faceless Master

InVideo AI workflow — Final 9:16 Faceless Master: prepare a concise story-led Short script with a first-line hook, one idea per scene and a closing payoff. In “Use my script,” specify the intended media type, background music mood, subtitle style, language and a vertical 9:16 result. Choose the conversational Agent route when you want to refine the plan through dialogue; use Autopilot when a direct first draft is more useful. After generation, replace generic B-roll that does not literally support the narration, shorten subtitles, check names/facts manually, and keep scene changes motivated by the script. Watch once muted to confirm that captions and visuals still tell the story without audio.

Raj Editing resource #30Edit it to fit your own media

Start With the Script Because the Script Controls Everything

This is the practical core of InVideo AI tutorial: InVideo AI results improve when Use my script, Agent flow and Autopilot are specified before generation. A clear script defines what each scene needs to communicate, while the chosen generation path determines how much back-and-forth you want before the first draft exists.

Then refine media type and background music. Media type and background music should support the script rather than create generic atmosphere. Subtitles need readable line breaks, and any AI-selected visual that misrepresents the narration should be replaced manually even if it looks polished.

Choose Agent Flow or Autopilot for the Job You Actually Have

InVideo AI results improve when Autopilot, media type and background music are specified before generation. A clear script defines what each scene needs to communicate, while the chosen generation path determines how much back-and-forth you want before the first draft exists.

Then refine subtitle style and language. Media type and background music should support the script rather than create generic atmosphere. Subtitles need readable line breaks, and any AI-selected visual that misrepresents the narration should be replaced manually even if it looks polished.

Specify Media, Music, Subtitles and Language Before Generation

InVideo AI results improve when background music, subtitle style and language are specified before generation. A clear script defines what each scene needs to communicate, while the chosen generation path determines how much back-and-forth you want before the first draft exists.

Then refine Magic Box and 9:16 ratio. Media type and background music should support the script rather than create generic atmosphere. Subtitles need readable line breaks, and any AI-selected visual that misrepresents the narration should be replaced manually even if it looks polished.

Replace Generic AI B-Roll With More Specific Visuals

InVideo AI results improve when language, Magic Box and 9:16 ratio are specified before generation. A clear script defines what each scene needs to communicate, while the chosen generation path determines how much back-and-forth you want before the first draft exists.

Then refine voiceover and scene pacing. Media type and background music should support the script rather than create generic atmosphere. Subtitles need readable line breaks, and any AI-selected visual that misrepresents the narration should be replaced manually even if it looks polished.

Make the Faceless Short Work With Sound Off

InVideo AI results improve when 9:16 ratio, voiceover and scene pacing are specified before generation. A clear script defines what each scene needs to communicate, while the chosen generation path determines how much back-and-forth you want before the first draft exists.

Then refine B-roll replacement and faceless Short. Media type and background music should support the script rather than create generic atmosphere. Subtitles need readable line breaks, and any AI-selected visual that misrepresents the narration should be replaced manually even if it looks polished.

2026 Feature Check for InVideo AI

InVideo’s current help says “Use my script” can take preferences such as media type, background music, subtitle style and language. It also distinguishes conversational Agent workflows from Autopilot’s more direct generation path. Check the current InVideo AI help before publishing or updating a time-sensitive claim.

Related Raj Editing Guides

Related Raj Editing guides that genuinely overlap with this topic are AI photo editing prompts for boys, Filmora YouTube editing and YouTube Create app.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can InVideo AI use my exact script?

For InVideo AI, when answering ‘Can InVideo AI use my exact script?’, the practical answer depends on the source media and the version of the app you are using. In this article, the most relevant checks are Use my script and Agent flow. AI generation is a first draft; scripts, facts, B-roll, captions and brand fit still need human review before publishing.

What is the difference between Agent flow and Autopilot?

For InVideo AI, when answering ‘What is the difference between Agent flow and Autopilot?’, treat this as a workflow decision rather than a rule that applies to every project. In this article, the most relevant checks are Autopilot and media type. AI generation is a first draft; scripts, facts, B-roll, captions and brand fit still need human review before publishing.

How do I request a vertical 9:16 Short?

For InVideo AI, when answering ‘How do I request a vertical 9:16 Short?’, start with the simplest version that solves the visual problem, then add complexity only when it improves the result. In this article, the most relevant checks are background music and subtitle style. AI generation is a first draft; scripts, facts, B-roll, captions and brand fit still need human review before publishing.

Why does AI-generated B-roll sometimes feel generic?

For InVideo AI, when answering ‘Why does AI-generated B-roll sometimes feel generic?’, for this search intent, the safest approach is to check the current control in your installed app and judge the output itself. In this article, the most relevant checks are language and Magic Box. AI generation is a first draft; scripts, facts, B-roll, captions and brand fit still need human review before publishing.

Should I trust generated facts and names automatically?

For InVideo AI, when answering ‘Should I trust generated facts and names automatically?’, a good result comes from matching the tool to the material instead of forcing the same setting onto every edit. In this article, the most relevant checks are 9:16 ratio and voiceover. AI generation is a first draft; scripts, facts, B-roll, captions and brand fit still need human review before publishing.

How do I make a faceless Short work with sound off?

For InVideo AI, when answering ‘How do I make a faceless Short work with sound off?’, the feature can help, but it does not remove the need to inspect timing, crop, edges, audio or color in the finished file. In this article, the most relevant checks are scene pacing and B-roll replacement. AI generation is a first draft; scripts, facts, B-roll, captions and brand fit still need human review before publishing.

What subtitle instructions should I include in the prompt?

For InVideo AI, when answering ‘What subtitle instructions should I include in the prompt?’, use the current official app/help page for availability, then apply the technique according to your own footage or photo. In this article, the most relevant checks are faceless Short and 4K export. AI generation is a first draft; scripts, facts, B-roll, captions and brand fit still need human review before publishing.

When should I replace generated media manually?

For InVideo AI, when answering ‘When should I replace generated media manually?’, think about what the viewer needs to notice first; that usually tells you whether the feature is necessary. In this article, the most relevant checks are Use my script and Agent flow. AI generation is a first draft; scripts, facts, B-roll, captions and brand fit still need human review before publishing.

InVideo AI Tutorial: Turning a Script Into a Faceless YouTube Shorts Video (By Raj Editing)